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In a recent issue of Haematologica, Eolia Brissot from Hôpital Saint Antoine, APHP, Paris, France, and colleagues published the results of a retrospective, multicenter, registry-based study. The aim of the analysis was to evaluate whether haploidentical donor transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (Haplo PTCy) could replace 10/10 or 9/10 unrelated donor (UD) transplantation. Data was collected from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT registry.
This analysis compared the outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with active disease who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from a haploidentical donor with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (Haplo PTCy group, n = 199) versus from a 10/10 (UD 10/10 group, n = 1,111) or a 9/10 (UD 9/10 group, n = 383) unrelated donor between 2007 and 2014.
Taken together, this study indicates that transplantation with haploidentical donors is as beneficial as transplantation with HLA-identical sibling donors. As a result, haploidentical donor transplantation is a feasible therapy option for AML patients with active disease.
The researchers stated that “when an HLA-identical sibling donor is not available for an AML patient with active disease and who is, otherwise, a candidate for HSCT, a Haplo donor may be used with the expectation of similar rates of NRM, LFS, OS, and GRFS at two years, compared with 10/10 matched and 9/10 mismatched UD.”
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